ACTIoN: Study of ACuTe Infections on Novel HIV Prevention Modalities Description

To perform intensive studies of causes of Acute HIV infections (AHI) for PrEP users (including oral, vaginal ring and injectable PrEP) at HIV seroconversion, and monitor the subsequent outcome on antiretroviral treatment. The causes of AHI on PrEP are expected to differ by modality, and reasons for AHI on new PrEP products like the Dapivirine Vaginal Ring and cabotegravir (CAB) are unknown in rollout settings and will inform guidelines on PrEP monitoring and treatment strategies. Novel longitudinal mixed methods to analyze behavioral factors that influence PrEP adherence and subsequent ART adherence in the same population, will analyze barriers at diagnosis and during follow-up , and will yield unique insights into factors that may serve as barriers to adherence to PrEP products and to ART.